Native Phonetic Inventory: hindi-urdu

These are the sounds found in most native hindi-urdu dialects: There are also sounds not on the chart, shown below.

other sounds: aspirated versions of all stops, affricates, and taps; in loan words: voiceless uvular and glottal stops; voiceless bilabial fricative; uvular fricatives; postalveolar fricatives.

Adapted from: Kelkar, A. R.; Maddieson, I. (1984)