Native Phonetic Inventory: mandingo

These are the sounds found in most native mandingo dialects: There are also sounds not on the chart, shown below.

other sounds: labio-velar central approximant [w]; labio-velar [gb]; /t/ ant /d/ may be palatalized; vowels may be nasalized; high front rounded vowel [y]; vowels can be long or short..

Adapted from: Uspenskii, B. A. (ed.). (1965); Westermann, D., and Ward, I. C. (1990).